Prior to her marriage to the German diplomat Claus of Amsberg (Prince Claus) in 1966, Beatrix earned a law degree from Leiden University. ![]() Princess Beatrix reigned as Queen from 1980 until her abdication in 2013. She married Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld in 1937 and gave birth to Princess Beatrix in 1938. Like her mother, Juliana was beloved for her social involvement and informal demeanour. The Netherlands underwent major changes during Juliana’s reign, such as the post-war reconstruction and the oil crisis of the mid-1970s. Princess Juliana, the daughter of Queen Wilhelmina and Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, was born in 1909 and ascended the throne in 1948. The Queen’s steadfast attitude at that time earned her a great deal of respect at home and abroad. As head of state, Queen Wilhelmina experienced two world wars and the decolonisation of Indonesia. The first queen regnant of the Netherlands was Wilhelmina, who became Queen in 1898 after the death of her father King William III. The first king of the Kingdom of the Netherlands was William I. The House of Orange-Nassau descends from the Ottonian line.Ī brief journey through the Royal Family tree In 1255, Walram II, Count of Nassau, and his younger brother Otto partitioned the county, which resulted in the Walram and Ottonian family lines. Nassau is a former German county, which became a principality and subsequently a duchy. This explains the origins of the Royal House’s French motto, ‘Je maintiendrai’ (I will maintain) and the hunting horn, which is still part of the Royal Family’s coat of arms. It came under the control of the House of Chalon when John III of Chalon-Arlay married Mary of Baux-Orange in 1386. ![]() Orange was located in the south of France in what is now Provence. When René died childless in 1544, he left his inheritance to his German cousin, William of Nassau, who became the founder of the House of Orange-Nassau. The medieval Principality of Orange traces its roots back to René of Chalon, who inherited the sovereign principauté d'Orange (literally ‘Principality of Orange’) from his uncle, Philibert of Chalon. ![]() What is the origin of the Orange-Nassau name?
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